However, to critique an education system is only a first step. Transforming such a critique into new institutions, secured in bricks and mortar, is a far greater challenge. That is why Gove's greatest legacy will be the free schools established during his time in power. Establishments such as Trinity Dixons Academy in Bradford, Bedford Free School, the London Academy of Excellence, Reach Academy Feltham, Woodpecker Hall Primary School and West London Free School embody the more challenging, more ambitious, and more rigorous education for which Gove has been calling.
As the numerous King Edward VI schools across the country still stand as a testament to the English Reformation, so may these schools be an enduring testament to Gove's reforms. The sheer number of free schools established should not be underestimated. When Kenneth Baker attempted a similar policy in the late Eighties with his City Technology Colleges, he founded 15 such schools. There are currently 174 established free schools, with 156 more set to open in the coming years. Such schools are still in their infancy, but when their examination successes proves their worth (as I am confident they will), their approach to teaching and school organisation has the potential to spur widespread changes across the sector.
More numerous still are academies. They now make up well over half of all secondary schools and an increasing number of primary schools. Freeing such schools from local authority control has injected a new dynamism into school governance. Successful academy chains such as Harris and Ark are able to expand, and less successful chains such as E-Act can be dealt with quickly. Such mechanisms allow good ideas to crowd out bad at a pace never before possible in state schooling.
In addition, the academies reform has freed schools from a cabal of ideologically aligned local bureaucrats, and allowed charitable groups and philanthropists to enter the fold of English education. From hedge fund managers to Hindu charities, multinational businesses to medieval guilds, the governance of schools has been placed back into the hands of civil society.
Gove has made numerous less flashy, but nonetheless vital, interventions. Reforms have made it easier for schools to set detentions and restrain unruly pupils; ended the two-tier A-level; cut back on dubious controlled assessment modules; incentivised schools to offer more academic GCSEs; allowed new teachers to train exclusively in the classroom; improved the professional esteem of vocational qualifications; and vastly improved the way in which schools are held to account.
Behind the headlines, Gove has made wise appointments, breaking the monopoly of trendy progressives within the education bureaucracy. Leading the National Curriculum Review, Ofsted, the National College for Teaching and Leadership, and Ofqual, are like-minded figures who will ensure that the changes Gove has set in motion continue long after his departure. A thoroughgoing reformation of England's schools could never be the work of just one man, and countless others must take responsibility for ensuring that Gove's reforms bed in across the country.
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