You are here:   Ethnicity > Breaking Faith With Britain
 
The Reformation also had a view about governance as well as the significance of the individual, which was to prove important for the future. The theme of natural rights was taken up by the Dominicans on the Continent in the context of defending the freedom and the possessions of the indigenous inhabitants of the Americas. From there, it influenced prominent thinkers of the moderate Enlightenment in this country, such as John Locke, who were attempting to rethink a Christian basis for society. This was also the context for the Evangelical revival in the 18th century. While the Evangelicals drew inspiration from the Bible for their humanitarian projects, such as the abolition of slavery, universal education and humane conditions of work for men, women and children, the Enlightenment provided them with the intellectual tools and the moral vision of natural rights so that they could argue their case in the public sphere. It was this Evangelical-Enlightenment consensus which brought about the huge social changes of the 19th and early 20th centuries and which came under sustained attack in the second half of the 20th century.

Sociologists of religion have been telling us that the process of secularisation has been a very long one and, indeed, they locate its origin precisely in the Enlightenment’s rejection of heteronomous authority and its affirmation of autonomy. Historians, on the other hand, point out that faith flourished in industrial Britain in the 19th century and in the first part of the last century. Indeed, it is possible to say that it continued to prosper well into the 1950s. Was it long-term decline, then, or sudden demise? In fact, there are elements of truth in both approaches. It seems to be the case, however, that something momentous happened in the 1960s which has materially altered the scene: Christ­ianity began to be more and more marginal to the “public doctrine” by which the nation ordered itself, and this state of affairs has continued to the present day.

Many reasons have been given for this situation. Callum Brown has argued that it was the cultural revolution of the 1960s which brought Christianity’s role in society to an abrupt and catastrophic end. He notes, particularly, the part played by women in upholding piety and in passing on the faith in the home. It was the loss of this faith and piety among women which caused the steep decline in Christian observance in all sections of society. Peter Mullen and others, similarly, have traced the situation to the student unrest of the 1960s which they claim was inspired by Marxism of one sort or another. The aim was to overturn what I have called the Evangelical-Enlightenment consensus so that revolution might be possible. One of the ingredients in their tactics was to encourage a social and sexual revolution so that a political one would, in due course, come about. Mullen points out that instead of the Churches resisting this phenomenon, liberal theologians and Church leaders all but capitulated to the intellectual and cultural forces of the time.

View Full Article
 
Share/Save
 
 
 
 
Mik
June 11th, 2008
6:06 AM
Atheistic leaders in the USSR and China slaughtered millions of their own citizens. Millions more were tortured and those that are alive will not agree with some of the outlandish statements made by religion-knockers here.

Christopher Brown
June 10th, 2008
5:06 PM
Fear, Fear and another time Fear. Given the fact that the Church as a whole gave up the prohibition of usury, is it any wonder that the church has been marginalised as a force for social justice? The prohibition of usury is divine and when you throw it out then all other aspects of faith become relative along with it. The next battle is not with Islam or the Muslims, it is with the injustice and inequality brought upon us by the banking, corporate, and stock exchange systems.

Mik
June 10th, 2008
6:06 AM
There is a lot of insecurity and confussion in Britain otday. This has had a terrible effect on its youth. Studies have confirmed this. A young person having the same faith as the Queen is punished because she does not bless gay marriage. Thwo others were threatened with arrest by a British police officer - a Muslim, I believe - because they were talking about their faith to some muslims. Apparently, they have no right to be in that part of London! It's a Muslim area!!!

Anonymous
June 9th, 2008
5:06 PM
Generalisations abounding: 'doctrine of jihad', 'caste system', Buddhist 'fatalism. How glib, & easy to dismiss what one doesn't begin to know or understand. What could be closer in so many regards than the 3 monothestic, Abrahamic religions? Those whose followers at times go at each other vigorously, furiously, & unfortunately, even viciously. The more I travel and live in various continents, the more I find people have in common, and the differences appear in a relative perspective. On the other hand, I find it sheer horror to deal with the kind of divisiveness that professedly religious people manage to spew, and tangle up in cultural, ethnic, etc frays.

Robert Callow
June 9th, 2008
12:06 PM
Yes bishop, a justified concern does exist over the absence of moral development in a growing proportion of children in western society. There is a justified concern also being expressed in many western countries over the inadequate deterrents reflected in the sentences or punishments now being given to the worst kind of criminals, i.e. those who are guilty of having complete contempt for their victims. Yes, these concerns are nothing new, since the 1960s many including myself have watched this situation grow steadily worse as decreasing deterrents and a forsaking of established values have worked as an incentive for all kinds of evil. But probably the greatest concern for me right now is that we live in a democracy where the majority of voters have freely and repeatedly elected politicians who, in these last few decades, have continued passing legislation that allows and encourages evil to increase. Despite all of the promises from politicians, nothing effective comes from them, nothing is being achieved by them that would curb and overcome this worsening evil in our society. Under this growing and yet deceptive evil many of the electorate have grown ignorant, having now only contempt for the truth; and for as long as enough of these blind and gullible voters continue to hold sway at elections, so also will evil naturally continue to increase in strength, but not just in the West: Working through unseen enemies of the West, a most dangerous evil with all it's twisted reasoning and paranoia is growing and reaching out for the knowledge and power to destroy cities. Leaders of the revival of radical Islam who are now affecting millions with their extreme hatred for the growing depravity working through offensive western culture, which threatens to dominate or destroy their faith, have already begun their quest for weapons of mass destruction. A growing number of Muslims then, as they become radicalized, are able to believe more easily they are the ones fighting the just war and that it is good for them to offer their lives to kill or maim whoever seriously threatens their religion and authority... and let no one underestimate how Islam controls those who take the word and the way of this religion seriously...

Mo
June 9th, 2008
8:06 AM
Iftikhar Ahmad: It's a chicken-and-egg problem. Muslims behave badly and think they're treated badly. Which came first? Does it matter? The larger issue is whether Britain should change to accommodate Muslims. I don't think it should. And if Muslims disagree and insist on living in a manner that is not only alien to Britain but in many respects opposed to it then they have no choice but to live in ghettoes or leave the country. We non-Muslims ought to make it easy for Muslims to prosper if they live in harmony with our culture, deferring to our ways, and extremely difficult to do so otherwise. If Islam had deep roots in the country I might argue otherwise, but it doesn't. There were 20,000 Muslims in the country in 1950. Most of the two million who are here now came looking for a better life. If they or their children haven't found it, it should be just as easy to go away.

Steve Meikle
June 7th, 2008
9:06 PM
Too any people think that civility, honesty, loyalty to parents etc are christian values. This would only be the case if they, or their invocation, were unique to the gospel of christ. But they aren't. Confucius advocated these self same things. Aztecs brought up their children to be this also, even when they slaughtered prisoners of war for their gods. Christianity is something else, a love i have never seen in any church. Thus the church and public religion of Europe for the last 1700 years was never christianity. As for democracy stemming from christianity, the limitation of royal power was a germanic idea in which the king was the first of equals among his war band. There is in fact no trace of democracy in the Bible I am a convinced christian, but let us not obscure the issue by bad history or sentimental adherance to a cultural tradition

Steve Meikle
June 7th, 2008
8:06 PM
Europe was never christian for all its self proclamation thereof. when Europe called itself christian they burned heretics and disembowelled traitors: such curelty is at total variance to the commandment of christ to love one another and to show mercy. Thus it was never christianity that was abandoned, rather the pretense. And thank God, I say. After all would you really want to be legally compelld to go to churh every sunday on pain of a fine that constituted a day or more of your pay (as in Elizabethan England) Human nature is such that no public religion that calls itself christianity will ever be such. And this is because Jesus said his kingdom is not of this world.

Bill Hensley
June 4th, 2008
6:06 AM
Brian, of course you will find some elements of truth in most religions. Almost no one gets everything wrong! But each of the values mentioned by Bishop Nazir-Ali does in fact find full expression in the Christian scriptures. Human dignity: "Show proper respect to everyone: Love the brotherhood of believers, fear God, honor the king." (I Peter 2:17) Equality: "There is neither Jew nor Greek, slave nor free, male nor female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus." (Galatians 3:28) Liberty: "You, my brothers, were called to be free. But do not use your freedom to indulge the sinful nature; rather, serve one another in love." (Galations 5:13) Safety: "The commandments, 'Do not commit adultery,' 'Do not murder,' 'Do not steal,' 'Do not covet,' and whatever other commandment there may be, are summed up in this one rule: 'Love your neighbor as yourself.' Love does no harm to its neighbor. Therefore love is the fulfillment of the law." (Romans 13:9-10) Hospitality: "Do not forget to entertain strangers, for by so doing some people have entertained angels without knowing it." (Hebrews 13:2) Just to illustrate the unity of thought in the New Testament I pulled all of the above from the Epistles rather than the Gospels. Certainly each of these values was also taught by Jesus himself. Critics of Christianity like to treat the Bible piecemeal. They try to set Paul against Jesus, and the New Testament against the Old. But if you want to understand the core teachings of Christianity, I encourage you to focus on the whole New Testament, taken together, as being the final and fullest revelation of God's message to us. The Old Testament does not contradict the New, but must be understood in light of it. A complete picture of God must include both his judgement of sin and his sacrificial love. If you focus on one to the exclusion of the other you get a distorted picture. These values did not suddenly appear in Europe during the Enlightenment. It is better to say that the Enlightenment thinkers tried to liberate these ideas from their Christian substrate. In so doing, they unintentionally made them easier to discard in later centuries when such concepts became inconvenient to those who desired to wield absolute power with no moral constraints on their actions. When one understands that these values are rooted in the commandments of Almighty God it is evident that the cannot be ignored without disastrous consequences.

Anonymous
June 4th, 2008
4:06 AM
The truth is that if you really do your homework in truly honest and rigorous manner you will find that that there is no basis in Truth and Reality for any of the usual Christian beliefs or propositions. Which is not to say that the Indivisible Conscious Light that IS Real God does not exist.

Post your comment

CAPTCHA
This question is for testing whether you are a human visitor and to prevent automated spam submissions.