The Palestinian Targums of the Pentateuch, written in Galilean Aramaic close to the language of Jesus, constitute a peculiar exegetical phenomenon. Sometimes their supplementation is terse, but quite often highly elaborate and expresses rich theological thinking prevalent among the authors of these Aramaic paraphrases. A particularly significant illustration may be found in the story of the Passover attached to Exodus 12:42:
That was for the Lord a night of vigil, to bring them out of the land of Egypt. That same night is a vigil to be kept for the Lord by all the Israelites throughout their generations.
A fragmentary Targum combined with Neofiti:
Four nights are recorded in the Book of Memorials.
On the first night the Word of the Lord was revealed on the world to create it . .
On the second night the Word of the Lord was revealed upon Abraham . . . that the Scripture might be fulfilled: "Abraham aged one hundred years can beget and Sarah aged ninety can bear." Was it not on our father Isaac's thirty-seventh birthday that he was offered on the altar? The heavens were let down and descended and Isaac saw their perfection . . .
On the third night the Word of the Lord was revealed upon the Egyptians . . . His right hand slew the firstborn of the Egyptians and his left hand spared the firstborn of the Israelites . . . He called this the third night.
On the fourth night the world shall reach its end to be delivered . . . Moses shall come out of the wilderness and the King Messiah shall come out of Rome. One shall lead the flock and the other shall lead the flock and the Word of the Lord shall lead between them and they shall advance together . . .
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