In Egypt, the system that provides for two rounds of voting is modelled on that of France. It makes it difficult for small parties to gain seats unless they make a deal with larger parties to secure a number of "reserve constituencies". The system also makes it difficult to gauge the exact strength of the parties that enter the race as part of a larger bloc of parties. Thus, the Freedom and Justice Party, the political face of the Muslim Brotherhood, campaigned as part of a coalition of 33 parties, groups and associations, most of them avowedly secular. The grouping called itself the Democratic Coalition for the Future of Egypt. With a 62 per cent turnout, the coalition won just 36.6 per cent of the votes, with the best estimates putting the Brotherhood's core vote at around 22 per cent.
The big surprise was an-Nour's success. It won 24.4 per cent in the first round of voting. Clearly, the boycott of the election by many pro-democracy groups helped the Islamists secure a larger share of the votes. If we add the bloc of which the Freedom and Justice Party is a member to an-Nour we would have an Islamist-led coalition that would claim 65 per cent of the seats in the new parliament. However, an-Nour leader Imad Abdul-Ghafour has categorically rejected any cooperation with the Freedom and Justice party and its secular allies.
Entering the elections divided, Egypt's secular parties scored an own goal. A bloc of liberal and leftist parties collected just under 15 per cent. Estimates put the share of another group of smaller parties and associations fighting within the Democratic Coalition for the Future of Egypt at around 14 per cent.
An-Nour leader Abdul-Ghafour has admitted that the decision of so many leaders and activists of the uprising to boycott the poll was "the divine hand helping the believers" in the election. He is right, since Islamists of all shades together collected around 48 per cent of the votes.
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